Nitrooleic acid (OA-NO2) is formed by nitration of oleic acid from excessive nitric oxide during inflammation (nitrative stress). OA-NO2 is a potent signaling molecule which can activate numerous receptors including TRPA1 cation channels and PPARγ. 9(10)-Nitrooleic acid is a mixture of the 9-nitro and 10-nitro isomers which are formed in equal amounts in vivo.
A recent paper demonstrated that incorporation of OA-NO2 into lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) decreased inflammatory responses when delivering plasmid DNA (pDNA). Acute inflammation caused by pDNA is primarily driven by the cGAS-STING pathway. LNPs with pDNA and OA-NO2 had increased and prolonged transgene expression when compared to mRNA-LNPs.
