S1P is a bioactive lysophospholipid formed by phosphorylation of sphingosine by sphingosine kinases. S1P binds to five G-protein coupled receptors designated S1P1-5 leading to cell proliferation, motility, and has a role in regulation cell shape. In addition, S1P acts as an intracellular mediator in a receptor-independent manner regulating cell survival and Ca2+ homeostasis. |
